[Answers] In each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

The sequence of reactions is a very common organic chemical reaction. How do select in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below. There are million and trillion chemicals in the organic molecule. It is constructed with carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, and nitrogen, etc.

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

What is hydrocarbon

Hydrocarbon is the first basic organic molecule in the field of organic chemistry. It is built with the help of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Methane is the first simplest hydrocarbon on the list. CH4 is the molecular formula of methane. It contains four hydrogen atoms and one central carbon atom.

In the normal atmospheric condition, it is gas. It is known as natural gas. During the combustion reaction, four hydrogen atoms of methane give water molecule and one carbon atom give only one carbon dioxide(CO2). In this way, methane reduces carbon emissions.

If there is one hydrogen atom less in methane, it is called a methyl group (CH3-). After the combining of two methyl groups gives ethane (CH3-CH3 or C2H6). In the same way, we can construct a long chain of the molecule, which is similar to the polymer.

Adding the methyl group to the organic molecule gives more molecular mass to the molecule. Methane molecule is gas in nature. Ethane molecule contains two carbon and six hydrogen atoms. It can be denoted with a simple formula.

CnH(2n+2)

Here, n= number of carbon atom

The longer chain of 32 carbon with 66 hydrogen atoms forms wax. Which is soft solid matter. This indicated clearly that moving from small to high carbon numbers. The hydrocarbon molecule moving from gas to soft solid matter.

These all hydrocarbon is called aliphatic hydrocarbon. It may form cyclic hydrocarbon also. There is another type of hydrocarbon is called aromatic hydrocarbon.

In each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.[Hydrocarbon reaction]

Q-1: Convert hexane to benzene

In the following figure, hexane is converted into cyclohexane, then cyclohexane is converted into benzene. In each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

List of reagent and condition for question-1

Step-1: Catalyst,25C Step-2: 5 atm (-H2)Step-1: Catalyst,500C Step-2: 5-10 atm (-H2)Step-1: Catalyst,2500C Step-2: 10-20 atm (-H2)
Step-1: Catalyst,250C Step-2: 5 atm (-H2)Step-1: Catalyst,500C Step-2: 10-20 atm (-H2)Step-1: Catalyst,300C Step-2: 10-20 atm (-H2)



[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

Explanation for question-1:

  1. Hexane is the six member linear chain molecule.
  2. In the first step, hexane is converted into cyclohexane in the presence of catalyst at 500 C.
  3. In the second step, cyclohexane is converted into benzene with the elimination of hydrogen at 10-20 atm pressure.

Q-2: Convert sodium benzoate to benzene

In the following figure, sodium benzoate is converted into benzene.in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

List of reagent and condition for question-2

NaOH, CaOC2H5ONa, CaOCH3COONa, CaO
NaOH, CaCl2NaOH, Ca(OH)2CH3ONa, CaO

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

Explanation for question-2:

  1. Sodium benzoate is the organic salt of benzoic acid.
  2. When sodium benzoate is reacted with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and calcium oxide(CaO).
  3. It removes the CO2 from the sodium benzoate and gives benzene.

Q-3: Convert acetylene to benzene

In the following figure, acetylene is converted into benzene. In each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

HC.eqn .q3 1

List of reagent and condition for question-3

HeatHeat in normal tubeHigh pressure
Red hot tubecatalyst, 200 CAutoclave

HC.eqn 3

Explanation for question-3:

  1. Acetylene is the derivative of ethane molecule. It is the triple bonded molecule.
  2. When acetylene is reacted in the presence of red hot tube.
  3. Three acetylene molecule fused together forms benzene molecule.

Q-4: Convert phenol to benzene

In the following figure, phenol is converted into benzene. In each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

List of reagent and condition for question-5

Na dustCu dustZn dust
Al-Hg alloycopper tubeFe dust

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

Explanation for question-4:

  1. Phenole is the derivative of benzene molecule. It is the parent aromatic molecule.
  2. When phenol is reacted in the presence of Zn dust catalyst.
  3. Hydroxyl group is removed from the phenol molecule.

Q-5: Convert chlorobenzene to benzene

In the following figure, chlorobenzene is converted into benzene.in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

List of reagent and condition for question-5

Ni-Al alloy/NaOHZn-Hg alloy/NaOHB-Hg alloy/NaOH
Al-Hg alloy/NaOHFe-Hg alloy/NaOHPt-Hg alloy/NaOH

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

Explanation for question-5:

  1. Chlorobenzene is the derivative of benzene molecule. It is the parent aromatic molecule.
  2. When chlorobenzene is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of Ni-Al alloy catalyst in the alkaline (NaOH condition).
  3. Chloro group group is removed from the chlorobenzene molecule molecule.

Q-6: Convert Benzenesulphonic acid to Benzene

In the following figure, Benzenesulphonic acid is converted into benzene. In each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

List of reagent and condition for question-6

150-200 C100-150 C100-140 C
100-200 C100-130C100-120 C

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

Explanation for question-6:

  1. Benzenesulphonic acid is the derivative of benzene molecule. It is the parent aromatic molecule.
  2. When benzenesulphonic acid is reacted with water at 150-200 C.
  3. Benzene formed with the elimination of sulphuric acid .

Q-7: Convert Benzenediazonium chloride to Benzene

In the following figure, Benzenediazonium chloride is converted into benzene. In each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

List of reagent and condition for question-7

ZnCl2/NaOHSnCl2/NaOHSbCl2/NaOH
PbCl2/NaOHCaCl2/NaOHCuCl2/NaOH

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

Explanation for question-7:

  1. Benzenediazonium chloride is the derivative of benzene molecule. It is the parent aromatic molecule.
  2. When benzenediazonium chloride is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of SnCl2/NaOH.
  3. Benzene formed with the elimination of nitrogen and hydrochloric acid .

Q-8: Convert Benzenediazonium chloride to Benzene in the presence of hypophosphorous acid

In the following figure, Benzenediazonium chloride is converted into benzene in the presence of hypophosphorous acid. In each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

List of reagent and condition for question-8

Cu+Cu2+Zn2+
Hg2+Ca2+Fe2+

[Answers] in each reaction box, place the best reagent and conditions from the list below.

Explanation for question-7:

  1. Benzenediazonium chloride is the derivative of benzene molecule. It is the parent aromatic molecule.
  2. When benzenediazonium chloride is reacted with hypophosphorous acid in the presence of Cu+.
  3. Benzene formed with the elimination of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and hydrochloric acid .

The polarity of the molecules

The polarity of the molecules are listed as follows

Lewis Structure and Molecular Geometry

Lewis structure and molecular geometry of molecules are listed below

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